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The study investigated the proximate and mineral composition of aqueous extract of Musa paradisiaca (Plantain) leaves to assess its nutritional potential and safety profile. Proximate analysis revealed significant concentrations of crude fat (35%), ash (20%), crude fiber (15%), and carbohydrates (20.72%), with moderate levels of crude protein (4.28%) and low moisture content (5%). Mineral analysis showed high levels of calcium (6826.79 mg/kg), magnesium (5183.54 mg/kg), potassium (4099.05 mg/kg), and iron (91.67 mg/kg). However, lead was also detected at 9.98 mg/kg, which exceeds safe limits. These results confirm that M. paradisiaca leaves are nutrient-dense and may contribute positively to dietary and medicinal applications. Nevertheless, the presence of toxic metals such as lead underscores the importance of quality control. This study supports the incorporation of plantain leaves in food and pharmacological industries with appropriate detoxification and safety validation measures.

ABSTRACT<br><br><br> Background: Chromolaena odorata is a tropical and subtropical flowering shrub belonging to the family Asteraceae. Recent reviews highlight its ethnopharmacological significance, along with its fungicidal and nematicidal properties. Preliminary ethnobotanical surveys have revealed its traditional use in treating neurological disorders, including depression.<br><br><br> Aims And Objective: The study aims to evaluate the effects of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract on behavioral despair in mice using standard models of depression, such as the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST). Additionally, it seeks to assess the impact of the extract Qualitative phytochemical screening.<br><br><br> Methods: Mice were administered either distilled water (10 ml/kg), Chromolaena odorata at doses of 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg, or Fluoxetine at 20 mg/kg. One hour after treatment, the mice were subjected to behavioral assessments using the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test TST, with relevant parameters observed for five minutes. Following these assessments, Qualitative phytochemical screening <br><br><br> Results: Chromolaena odorata (100mg/kg) was found to increase the latency of immobility and reduce the duration of immobility in tail suspension test when compared with negative control (100-400 mg/kg). In forced swim test, the extract (100-400 mg/kg) caused a significant reduction in the duration of immobility time and increase in the latency/onset of immobility. C. odorata revealed the presence of Tannin, phenol, alkaloids, saponin, flavonoid, steroids, Anthraquinone, Terpenoid, cardiac glycosides and reducing sugar.<br><br><br> Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Chromolaena odorata C. odorata shows promise as a potential natural antidepressant, offering a safer alternative to synthetic drugs, which are often associated with undesirable side effects.<br><br><br> Keywords: Chromolaena odorata, Antidepressant, Fluoxetine, Neurological disorders, Ethno-botanical.

This study focuses on the quality evaluation of composite lafun produced from fermented cassava enriched with soybean flour. The primary objective is to assess how varying levels of soybean flour supplementation affect the proximate composition, functional properties, and sensory attributes of lafun. Cassava, a staple food in many parts of Nigeria, is known for its high carbohydrate but low protein content. Incorporating soybean flour, a rich source of plant protein, offers an opportunity to improve the nutritional balance of the product. Samples of cassava were processed, fermented, dried, and blended with different proportions of soybean flour to produce composite flours. The results revealed that increasing soybean substitution significantly improved the protein and fat content of lafun while reducing carbohydrate levels. Sensory evaluation showed moderate acceptability up to a certain enrichment level, beyond which the beany flavor affected taste preference. The study concludes that enriching cassava lafun with soybean flour can enhance its nutritional quality, making it a more balanced food for consumers.

Project aimed to design and construct a fence that meets the specific needs of the<br> mosque while adhering to civil engineering principles. Security and privacy concerns <br> were the primary drivers for this initiative, with the mosque serving as a place of worship <br> for female students and staff who require a safe and private space.. The compressive <br> strength of the cubes produced in the laboratory with curing days 7, 14 and 28 days are The<br> 15.16N/mm2<br> , 18.73N/mm2<br> and 19.96N/mm2<br> respectively. The completed fence, though <br> unfinished, successfully addressed the primary concerns of security and privacy. This <br> project contributed to the development of Civil Engineering skills, particularly in <br> perimeter fencing design and construction. Recommendations for future phases include <br> using durable, low-maintenance materials, completing the remaining construction, and <br> encouraging similar hands-on projects to enhance students' practical skills in Civil <br> Engineering. Overall, this project has improved the safety and privacy of the Mosque's <br> users while providing valuable learning experiences for the students involved.

ABSTRACT<br><br><br> The study investigates the use of ICT in English Language pedagogy in selected<br><br><br> secondary schools in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The study is based on social theory<br><br><br> of learning and the theory of motivation. Four research questions and three null<br><br><br> hypotheses were developed to guide the study.<br><br><br> Descriptive survey design was<br><br><br> employed. The study covered ten (10) Public Secondary Schools in Port Harcourt<br><br><br> Local Government Area. A sample of 367 students and 53 teachers were selected,<br><br><br> using random sampling technique.<br><br><br> The instrument for data collection was a<br><br><br> questionnaire developed by the researcher. To establish the internal consistency of<br><br><br> the questionnaire, Cronbach’s alpha reliability technique was used. The data collected<br><br><br> were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Z-test statistics was used for<br><br><br> testing the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The study found that teachers’<br><br><br> incompetence and the nonavailability of ICT facilities hindered the use of ICT in<br><br><br> teaching and learning English Language in Public Secondary Schools in Port Harcourt.<br><br><br> It was also found that there was no significance difference between teachers’ and<br><br><br> students’ use of ICT facilities in the teaching and learning of English Language. The<br><br><br> researcher recommended that teachers of English Language be trained on how to<br><br><br> employ ICT tools in language teaching, and that these facilities be made availability in<br><br><br> secondary schools by the government and proprietors

This study concentrates on exploring corruption and social injustice in Nigeria. From time past, the main issue affecting the progress of the country on both national and international scale is corruption and social injustice. It is so deeply complex that Nigeria is regularly used as a reference for anything corrupt. The illegal carting away of natural resources and public funds for personal gain has seriously destabilized the progress of the country and the people. The terrible nature of corruption and societal injustice has been encouraged by the government in its ability to turn a blind eye to serious crimes. This research therefore examines the features of these corrupt acts, revealing the impact it has had on the country and the people. Additionally, the crippling effects of these injustice are engaged as shown in the selected poetry collections as well as the expected negative response of the people, to these practices.

This study investigated social variables and drug abuse among undergraduate students of University of Calabar, Cross River State Nigeria. Four research questions and four null hypothesis was postulated to guide the study. Literature review was carried out based on the variables of the study. Correlational research design was used for the study. A simple random sampling technique was adopted to select two hundred (200) final year students, with the population of 1485 students in the department of social science education out of five(5) departments in the faculty of Arts & social science education; With a population of 1485 final year students. The instrument used for data collection was a well structured questionnaire titled Social variables and drug abuse questionnaire (SVDAQ). Pearson product moment correlation statistics and Analysis of variance was employed to test the hypothesis and all hypothesis were tested at .05 level of significance. Results of data analysis were presented on tables. The study established that there is significant relationship between social variables and drug abuse among undergraduate students of the university of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Based on the findings and conclusion of the study, it was recommended among others that awareness should be created for the society on the general effect of drug abuse on health of university undergraduates, youths should be sensitized to realize that excessive or even small intake of illicit drugs has inhibitory effect on their brain and life in totality and the government should establish drug rehabilitation centers with the help of the ministry of health to rehabilitate any student who engages in drugs.

The study was on Environmental Sanitation Authority and Waste Management in River's State”. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of poor policy implementation in driving waste management, collections and recycling development in River's State and its influence on the social economic development and overall development process in Nigeria thereby unraveling the influence of citizen’s participation and its impact on the political development and overall development process of Nigeria. Primary and secondary sources of data were used, 200 questionnaires were administered and retrieved, and the secondary sources include textbooks, journal, newspapers, and internet e.t.c. The Structural functionalist Theory by Herbert Spencer (1874). Served as the theoretical framework. The study aims to investigate any potential correlation between Environmental Sanitation Authority and Waste Management and national development within Nigeria. The study revealed a complex and diverse population with various social, economic, and political backgrounds. The citizens are deeply affected by issues such as poverty, unemployment, and lack of access to basic services such as healthcare and education due to improper waste management.